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Title:“Function Words and Content Words in Translation”

Category:Manuscript

Author:Yu Guangzhong

No. of Item:21 pages

Dimension: 29.6 x 20.9cm

Description:This essay is included in the critical collection Smiling, I raise My Cup to Heaven (Chiu Ko, 2008) and deals chiefly with Yu’s views on Chinese/English language translation. He believes that choices of Chinese and English “function words” and “content words” reveal a translator’s skill. Yu first addresses the split between function and content words in Chinese grammar and then focuses on English translation analyzing English function words, articles, prepositions, as well as English conjunctions like “and.” He believes that in Chinese translations of English these words can either be used or omitted. As for grammatical elements necessary in English but not required in Chinese, he points to the “subject,” but when pronouns (especially plural pronouns) are used as objects they need not be translated. The writer argues that “English grammatical function words are a disaster and can really be said to ‘bear a heavy burden as pronouns.’” Finally Yu addresses the most troublesome type of function words, these are the relative adverbs “where, when.” Because it is not appropriate to translate them literally, they can be ignored in a great number of instances.

主要名稱:虛實之間見功夫

成文日期:不詳

類別:手稿

作者:余光中

原件與否:原件

藏品層次:單件

數量單位:21張

尺寸大小(長*寬*高):29.6*20.9cm

數位化類別:影像(圖片)

是否數位化:否

典藏單位:國立臺灣文學館

其他說明:本文收入評論集《舉杯向天笑》(九歌，2008)，主要談論他對英文翻譯的看法，認為在中文與英文的虛字與實字取捨中，可以看出翻譯者的功力。作者首先提出中文文法的實字與虛字之分，接著將重點放在英文翻譯，分別就英文中的虛字、冠詞、介詞、英文的連接詞如and進行分析，認為在中譯時這些是可有可無的。至於英文必有而中文可無的文法要件，則是「主詞」，但代名詞( 尤其是複數) 用作受詞時，可以不譯。作者認為「英文的文法虛字成災，真可謂成了『負了代名詞的重擔』」。最後提到最難對付的一類虛字，就是包括where,when 的「關係副詞」，因為直譯不妥，所以在許多場合可以不必理會。

印記/簽名:有

提供者:余光中

登錄號:NMTL20080030004

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